Ninetysix orfs had homologues in autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus acmnpv, 16 had homologues in other. Comparison with autographa californica mnpv and spodoptera exigua npv by restriction. Effect of some flavonoids on survival and development of. Temperaturedependent simulation of spodoptera litura phenology. Developmental and reproductive biology of spodoptera. It is a serious pest of various economically important crops such as cotton, tomato, groundnut, chilli, tobacco, caster, okra and pulses etc. Spodoptera frugiperda colony spodoptera frugiperda specimens were obtained from insect colonies and maintained in a laboratory. Spodoptera litura, otherwise known as the tobacco cutworm or cotton leafworm, is a nocturnal moth in the family noctuidae.
The highest and lowest net fecundity rates were obtained on williams eggsfemale and l17 eggsfemale, respectively. Laboratory studies on the influence of bacterial spodoptera. Spodoptera litura is a polyphagous insect which defoliates almost 120 economically important plant species all over the world 1. Threshold temperatures and thermal requirements for the development of spodoptera litura lepidoptera. The common cutworm, spodoptera litura, has become a major pest of soybean glycine max throughout its. The ability to sense and recognize various classes of compounds is of particular importance for survival and reproduction of insects. The agestage specific survival rate s xj, where x is the age and j is the stage. Noctuidae are laid in clusters of 200 to 300 underneath leaves and covered with brown scales from the body of the mother.
Bioassay of nuclear polyhedrosis virus npv and in combination with insecticide on spodoptera litura fab tran thi kieu trang 1 and s. Based on the preliminary screening, the effective plant extracts were further tested at a concentration of 0. Army worm spodoptera litura belongs to order lepidoptera s. As in most other parts of the tropic, these armyworms are subjected to a disease caused by a spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus spltnpv infection in the field. Identification notes for spodoptera litura and spodoptera littoralis. Effects of three spodoptera litura control strategies on arthropod diversity and abundance in tobacco agroecosystems in south china zhongshi zhou, 1, 2, zepeng chen 3 and zaifu xu 1, 1department of entomology, college of nature resources and environment, south china agricultural university, guangzhou, 510642, china. Insecticidal compound isolated from syzygium lineare wall.
Spodoptera litura larvae are polyphagous insects that have become a significant pest in recent years. The spodoptera litura genome elucidates its polyphagy. Evaluation of lethal response of biorational insecticides. The tobacco cutworm spodoptera litura is a general feeder on over 100 hosts. The spread of this pest has led to the continuous usage of insecticides on crops. Host plant survey for two years from three different locations in cotton. Ionotropic receptor ir, a subfamily of the ionotropic glutamate receptor family, has been identified as one of crucial chemoreceptor superfamilies, which mediates the sensing of odors andor tastants, and serves as nonchemosensory functions. Sep 15, 2015 the tobacco cutworm, spodoptera litura f. Among susceptible vegetable crops are asparagus, bean, beet, broc. Biological characterization of a nucleopolyhedrovirus of. Media in category spodoptera litura the following 31 files are in this category, out of 31 total.
Genomebased identification and analysis of ionotropic. The egg masses of spodoptera litura were counted with the aid of a hand lens 10x and egg mass pre counted 100 was dipped in 0. It is a native of asia and was first detected in hawaii. To examine the responses of the secondary lepidopteran pest spodoptera litura to two bacillus thuringiensis bt corn hybrids 5422bt1 event. As seen in sesquiterpenoids, these organisms introduce oxygen atom at their allylic. The life cycle of spodoptera litura includes larval, pupal and adult stages. Spodoptera litura prodliphotos eppo global database. Hymenia recurvalis spoladea recurvalis, spodoptera litura, heliothis armigera and sometimes grasshoppers are the most harmful pests. Noctuidae includes species that cause damage to a wide variety of important crops such as maize, cotton, rice, and soybean, among others gordy et al.
Biotransformation of acyclic, monocyclic, and bicyclic monoterpenoids by various bacteria, fungi, insect larvae, such as spodoptera litura, and mammals, such as rabbits and possums, and human and rat cytochrome enzyme is summarized. Spodoptera is a genus of moths of the family noctuidae first described by achille guenee in 1852. Chaudhari2 abstract the susceptibility of different stages of spodoptera litura larvae to npv was determined by bioassay. A new crystal compound 2,5diacetoxy2benzyl4,4,6,6tetramethyl1,3cyclohexanedione was isolated from the leaves of syzygium lineare. Pathogenicity and characteristics of spodoptera litura. Yoshiaki noma, yoshinori asakawa, in comprehensive natural products ii, 2010. Noctuidae, were studied under laboratory conditions 26 c, 6080% rh, as was the utilization of the four host plants and adaptation on. Ovicidal activity of plant extracts against litura.
Larvae generally do the most damage, stripping plants of leaves during feeding. Pdf biology of spodoptera litura fabricius lepidoptera. The study on potential of six isolates of slnpv which are originally from east java to control s. This moth is found in asia, with some specific problematic pest population reports occurring in cambodia, hong kong, india, the pacific. Spodoptera litura fabricius is a major vegetable pest that is widely distributed throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate regions.
Effect of three spodoptera litura control strategies, viz. It is commonly known as tobacco caterpillar, a most devastating pest of cotton, groundnut, chillies, tobacco, castor, bhendi, pulses 2, 9. Two windows, one triangular 1a and one rectangular 1b. All photos included on this page can only be used for educational purposes. Effects of four host plants on biology and food utilization. Cotton cutworm spodoptera litura cotton cutworm spodoptera litura is an insect pest of many important food plants. It is a serious polyphagous pest in asia and oceania, from the borders of north africa to japan and new zealand armes et. Rearing of spodoptera litura fabricius on different artificial diets and its parasitization with trichogramma chilonis ishii ahmadurrahman saljoqi,1 riaz ul haq,1 ehsanulhaq,2 javed khan2 and ghulam ali2 1department of plant protection, faculty of crop protection sciences, the university of agriculture. Noctuidae, though, commonly known as tobacco cutworm, is not restricted to tobacco alone, but, feeds on more than 120 host plants belonging to 44 familiesqin et al. Spodoptera litura is also known as the oriental leafworm moth, cluster caterpillar, cotton leafworm, tobacco cutworm, tropical armyworm, taro caterpillar, tobacco budworm, rice cutworm, and cotton cutworm. Effects of four host plants, tobacco, chinese cabbage, cowpea and sweet potato, on larval and pupal development and survival, and longevity and fecundity of adults of spodoptera litura f lepidoptera. Sequence analysis of the spodoptera litura multicapsid. Spodoptera litura, also known as tobacco cutworm is a serious pest of many crops. Noctuidae was evaluated at c, % relative humidity and a photoperiod of 16 h light8 h dark.
Establishment of spodoptera litura spodoptera litura egg masses were collected from groundnut fields at vellore and kancheepuram districts of tamil nadu, india. Genus spodoptera 1spodg species spodoptera litura prodli contact eppo. Spodoptera litura fabricius is a cosmopolitan polyphagous insect pest ofmanyfood crops and tobacco. The raw data of the developmental time, survivorship, and female daily fecundity of e. Biology and nutrition of spodoptera frugiperda lepidoptera. Spodoptera litura is a notorious leaf feeding insect pest of more than one hundred plants around the asiapacific region.
Development of microplitis bicoloratus spodoptera litura and. After egg hatching, castor ricinus communis leaves were provided for larval feeding till the pupal stage under laboratory condition 28 2. Development of microplitis bicoloratus spodoptera litura. Sep 19, 2017 spodoptera litura fabricius is a major vegetable pest that is widely distributed throughout tropical, subtropical and temperate regions. Ambedkar road, pune 411 00 i, india received 3 november 999. A new continuous cell line from larval hemocytes of. Larva feeds on the underside of leaves causing feeding. For final identification it is necessary that the genitalia are dissected. Noctuidae 3 host plants the beet armyworm has a wide host range, occurring as a serious pest of vegetable, field, and flower crops. Spodoptera litura prodlioverview eppo global database. The spodoptera moths are found primarily active during night and due to its high mobility, female ovipositing on a wide range of host plants, which promotes or even ensures survival of s. The most important character to notice is a set of two windows separated by a right angle. A new continuous cell line from larval hemocytes of spodoptera litura f. Its activity was better than the positive control azadirachtin.
Its estimated genome size was approximately 142 kb. For publication in journals, books or magazines, permission should be obtained from the original photographers with a. To assess the potential use of this parasitoid as a biological control agent, the reproductive schedule, fecundity and functional response of m. Temperature impacts the development and survival of common cutworm spodoptera litura. Spodoptera litura is an important polyphagous pest in india, china and japan. Spodoptera litura, otherwise known as the tobacco cutworm or cotton leafworm, is a nocturnal.
Controlling spodoptera litura in the separate customs. Efficacy of spodoptera litura multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. Linking life table and predation rate for biological control. The roughly 30 species are distributed across six continents. Linking life table and predation rate for biological. Screening of cultivars and wild types of red gram for proteinase inhibitors active towards achaea janata and spodoptera litura. The following key is designed to help separate middle to late instar s. Noctuidae on some of its major weed hosts find, read and cite all the research you. A group of asian researchers first proposed a genome project for the tobacco cutworm, spodoptera litura lepidoptera, noctuidae, in 20, drawn to this species as a. Spodoptera exigua helicoverpa armigera are significant polyphagous pests in the tropical and subtropical regions of cultivated crops 10.
Crucifer seed crop pests, parasites, and the potential for. Its common names reference two of the most frequent host plants of the moth. An originally isolated baculovirus, spodoptera litura multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus spltmnpv was serially passed through the s. Spodoptera litura below are some characters that are useful to distinguish spodoptera litura from other spodoptera species. On the other hand, species like spodoptera frugiperda, heliothis virescens, gamma irradiation of spodoptera litura larvae induced an abatement in their. Rearing of spodoptera litura fabricius on different. Eeny105 beet armyworm, spodoptera exigua hubner insecta. Lethal doses of chlorfluazuron, when applied topically to 5th instars or pupae of s.
Noctuidae, commonly known as tobacco caterpillar in india is a major polyphagous pest attacks variety of economically important crops such as cotton, groundnut, rice, tomato, tobacco, citrus, cocoa, potato, rubber, castor, millets. Pm 7124 1 spodoptera littoralis, spodoptera litura. Spodoptera litura has already developed resistance to several organic pesticides resulting severe crop losses singh and singh, 1998. Cotton cutworm, spodoptera litura pest tracker caps. The test insect, spodoptera litura populations used in this study were collected from castor field at coimbatore district, tamil nadu india during 20142015. May 22, 2018 the ability to sense and recognize various classes of compounds is of particular importance for survival and reproduction of insects. The potential of various isolates of spodoptera litura. Host plants of leaf worm, spodoptera litura fabricius lepidoptera. General information about spodoptera litura prodli. Spodoptera litura is an obiquitous, polyphagous, multivoltine, lepidopteron pest that feeds on 112 cultivated crops all over the world moussca et al.
This document is eeny105, one of a series of the entomology and nematology department, ufifas extension. Spodoptera litura wy cooperative agricultural pest. This moth is found in asia, with some specific problematic pest population reports occurring in cambodia, hong kong, india, the pacific islands, guam, american. Microplitis prodeniae rao and chandry is a solitary endoparasitoid of s. Development of microplitis bicoloratus on spodoptera litura and implications for biological control kaijun luo1,2, john t. Developmental and reproductive biology of spodoptera litura. A group of asian researchers first proposed a genome project for the tobacco cutworm, spodoptera litura lepidoptera, noctuidae, in 20, drawn to this species as a massively destructive agricultural pest across asia. Some plant extracts have been used as a mixture to control insect pests and improve productivity. When the characteristic feeding damage of spodoptera was encountered during sampling, we inspected the entire field and removed by hand any new larval clusters and egg masses. Effect of calotropis procera leaf extract on spodoptera. No mating took place on the night of emergence and maximum mating response occurred during the second night after emergence. A philippine spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus sltmnpv was isolated by plaque purification from an uncloned npv population in a formulated product that exhibits high insecticidal activity against the onionattacking common cutworm, s. Pdf on jan 1, 2007, sushilkumar and others published biology of spodoptera litura fabricius lepidoptera. There are only a few studies that demonstrate the harm done to crops, the decline in production, and the economic losses that spodoptera.
Effects of three spodoptera litura control strategies on. As in most other parts of the tropic, these armyworms are subjected to a disease caused by a spodoptera litura nucleopolyhedrovirus spltnpv infection in the field kalshoven 1981. Culture was maintained in the laboratory with the castor leaves as a food source. A plantbased extract mixture for controlling spodoptera. The lc 50 values were found to increase with the age of host.
The spodoptera litura genome elucidates its polyphagy, high. Responses of the cutworm spodoptera litura lepidoptera. Simulation and visualization of potential population growth in india under warmer temperatures through life cycle modeling table 1. Pdf host plants of leafworm, spodoptera litura fabricius.
The eggs of the cluster caterpillar spodoptera litura fabricius lepidoptera. The insecticidal activity of the compound was assessed against fourth instar larvae of spodoptera litura. Fortunately, the pest is highly susceptible to its npv and studies have shown that the virus can be used effectively as biopesticide in the field jayaraj et al. The forewings need to be examined carefully because of their color variation and similarity to other nonindigenous as well as native species.
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